Musculoskeletal Ultrasound: Normal Appearances, Pathologic Conditions and Hands-On Demo (peripheral nerves of the upper extremity, hip, ankle) (2025)-T6-CMK10-2025

Video Transcription

Video Summary

This RSNA musculoskeletal ultrasound session combines live scanning demonstrations and pathology lectures focused on the hip, ankle, and upper-limb peripheral nerves.<br /><br />For the hip, instructors demonstrate a structured approach: anterior scanning along the femoral neck (best for detecting effusion/synovitis and assessing the anterior labrum), lateral scanning at the greater trochanter to evaluate gluteus minimus/medius tendons and bursae, and selective posterior scanning for hamstring origin and sciatic nerve. Key technical points include starting with a high-frequency linear probe, using bony landmarks for orientation, and toggling the probe to overcome anisotropy. Pathology reviewed includes hip effusions, labral tears and paralabral cysts (sometimes tracking far into the thigh), ultrasound-guided hip injections for diagnosis and symptom relief, iliopsoas bursitis/tendinopathy and snapping hip (often dynamic), greater trochanteric pain syndrome (more often gluteal tendinopathy than isolated bursitis), and hamstring tendinosis or avulsion.<br /><br />For the ankle, the exam is organized by compartments (flexor/medial, extensor/anterior, peroneal/lateral, Achilles/posterior). Normal tendon, ligament, and nerve anatomy is shown, including syndesmotic ligaments and the superficial peroneal nerve. Common pathology includes ATFL tears, tenosynovitis, tendinosis, longitudinal split tears, peroneal subluxation (dynamic testing), Achilles peritendinopathy and tears (with plantarflexion gap assessment), joint effusions including septic arthritis, gouty deposition, and tarsal tunnel syndrome from space-occupying lesions such as ganglion cysts.<br /><br />Upper-limb nerve ultrasound covers median (carpal tunnel measurements and causes), ulnar (cubital tunnel, accessory muscles, snapping/dislocation, Guyon canal), and radial/posterior interosseous nerve entrapment, emphasizing anatomy-based scanning and dynamic assessment.

Keywords

musculoskeletal ultrasound

RSNA session

hip ultrasound

ankle ultrasound

peripheral nerve ultrasound

ultrasound-guided hip injection

greater trochanteric pain syndrome

iliopsoas bursitis snapping hip

hamstring tendinosis avulsion

ATFL tear ankle sprain

peroneal tendon subluxation split tear

carpal tunnel cubital tunnel nerve entrapment