Avulsion Injuries of the Upper and Lower Extremities (2026)-RC8041922-2026

Video Transcription

Video Summary

The transcript is a radiology lecture focused on avoiding missed diagnoses in upper extremity, knee, pelvis/hip, and ankle-foot trauma, especially avulsion injuries. The speaker emphasizes practical goals for radiologists: make the diagnosis, avoid embarrassment, and reduce medicolegal risk. A major theme is that correct imaging views matter—oblique views, scaphoid views, special elbow and shoulder projections, weight-bearing foot films, CT, and MRI often reveal fractures or soft-tissue injuries that are invisible on standard radiographs.<br /><br />For the upper extremity, the lecture reviews hand fractures, boutonniere deformity, scaphoid waist and tubercle fractures, radial head/capitellum injuries, and shoulder dislocations including Hill-Sachs, reverse Hill-Sachs, and posterior dislocation patterns. For the knee, it provides a detailed atlas of avulsion injuries involving the ACL, PCL, MCL, menisci-related attachments, patellar sleeve and pole fractures, tibial tubercle injuries, fibular head “arcuate sign,” iliotibial band, semimembranosus, and biceps femoris. The speaker stresses that many of these seemingly minor fragments signal major ligament injury and often require MRI or orthopedic consultation.<br /><br />The pelvis/hip section explains that pediatric avulsions usually occur at unfused apophyses from eccentric contraction, with the ischial tuberosity being the most common site. It also highlights anterior superior and inferior iliac spine avulsions, lesser trochanter avulsions as a red flag for malignancy in adults, and athletic pubalgia.<br /><br />Finally, the ankle/foot section covers inversion-related avulsions, including anterior talofibular and tibiofibular ligament injuries, anterior calcaneal process fractures, Chopart and Lisfranc injuries, peroneal retinacular avulsions with tendon dislocation, accessory ossicle avulsions, posterior tibial tendon injuries, and Achilles/calcaneal fractures. Overall, the talk emphasizes vigilance, anatomy knowledge, and targeted imaging to avoid missed trauma diagnoses.

Keywords

upper extremity trauma

avulsion injuries

missed fracture diagnosis

radiology lecture

scaphoid fracture

knee ligament injury

pelvic apophyseal avulsion

ankle-foot trauma

special imaging views

MRI and CT

shoulder dislocation

Lisfranc injury