Refresher Courses are recorded courses captured at past RSNA Annual Meetings. Most courses include an audio-visual presentation, as well as a corresponding transcript. The online Refresher Courses are free to members.

Authors: David H. Kim, MD Rendon C. Nelson, MD, Jonathan B. Kruskal, MD, PhD, Khaled M. Elsayes, MD

Content Areas (Codes):
The following Content Areas will be printed on the certificate for this course:

• Computed Tomography
• Gastrointestinal Radiology
• Magnetic Resonance Imaging
• Ultrasound

After completing this activity, participants should be able to:

• Describe the advantages and disadvantages of positive and negative oral contrast for bowel imaging.
• Identify the atypical appearance and features of various focal liver lesions on CT and MR.
• Discuss perceptual and interpretive errors that occur when performing the liver Doppler examination, their clinical implication, and how these can be minimized.
• Describe most commonly encountered imaging pitfalls of the pancreas, including relevant technical background, pathophysiology and hemodynamics.

This enduring material is estimated to take 1 hour and 45 minutes to complete.

Original Release Date: 5/25/2016
End Date for CME Eligibility: 5/24/2019

Non-member Rate: $50.00
Member Rate: $0.00

Disclosure Statements
The ACCME requires that the RSNA, as an accredited provider of CME, disclose the relevant financial relationships of the planners, faculty, and any other individuals in a position to control content of this activity. Please find the relevant financial relationships disclosed below for all individuals in control of content.

PLANNERS/COMMITTEE MEMBERS

• Suhny Abbara, MD: Author, Reed Elsevier; Editor, Reed Elsevier; Institutional Research Agreement, Koninklijke Philips NV, Siemens AG.
• William W. Boonn, MD: Founder, Montage Healthcare Solutions, Inc.; President, Montage Healthcare Solutions, Inc.; Shareholder, Montage Healthcare Solutions, Inc., Nuance Communications, Inc., Merge Healthcare Incorporated.
• William G. Bradley JR, MD, PhD: Founder, Nighthawk Radiology Holdings, Inc.
• Kristy K. Brock, PhD: License Agreement, RaySearch Laboratories AB.
• Dominik Fleischmann, MD: Research Support, Siemens AG.
• Brian S. Funaki, MD: Data Safety Monitoring Board, Novate Medical.
• Sanjiv S. Gambhir, MD, PhD: Board Member, Enlight Biosciences, ImaginAb, Inc., FUJIFILM Holdings Corporation, ClickDiagnostics, Inc.; Consultant, FUJIFILM Holdings Corporation, Gamma Medica, Inc.; Speaker, ImaginAb, Inc.; Stock, Enlight Biosciences; Stock Options, Enlight Biosciences; Travel Support, Gamma Medica, Inc.
• Christopher P. Hess, MD, PhD: Research Grant, General Electric Company, Quest Diagnostics Incorporated, Cerebrotech Medical Systems, Inc.
• Marc D. Kohli, MD: Research Grant, Siemens AG.
• Cherie M. Kuzmiak, DO: Research Grant, FUJIFILM Holdings Corporation.
• Simon S. Lo, MD: Research Support, Elekta AB.
• William W. Mayo-Smith, MD: Author with Royalties, Reed Elsevier, Cambridge University Press.
• H. Page McAdams, MD: Research Grant, General Electric Company; Consultant, MedQIA; Author, Reed Elsevier, UpToDate, Inc.
• Michael F. McNitt-Gray, PhD: Institutional Research Agreement, Siemens AG; Research Support, Siemens AG.
• Donald G. Mitchell, MD: Consultant, CMC Contrast AB.
• Stuart G. Silverman, MD: Author, Wolters Kluwer NV.
• Rathan M. Subramaniam, MD, PhD: Travel Support, Koninklijke Philips NV.
• Shawn D. Teague, MD: Stockholder, Apple Inc.
• Stephanie A. Terezakis, MD: Speaker, Elekta AB.
• William J. Weadock, MD: Owner, Weadock Software, LLC.
• Pamela K. Woodard, MD: Research Consultant, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company; Research Grant, Astellas Group, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Bayer AG, Actelion Ltd, Guerbet SA; Research Agreement, Siemens AG.

FACULTY

• David H. Kim, MD: Consultant, Viatronix, Inc.; Co-founder, VirtuoCTC, LLC; Medical Advisory Board, Digital ArtForms, Inc.; Stockholder, Cellectar Biosciences, Inc.
• Jonathan B. Kruskal, MD, PhD: Author, UpToDate, Inc.
• Rendon C. Nelson, MD: Consultant, General Electric Company, Nemoto Kyorindo Co, Ltd, VoxeMetrix, LLC; Research Support, Bracco Group, Becton, Dickinson and Company; Speakers Bureau, Siemens AG; Royalties, Wolters Kluwer NV.

All other individuals in control of content have indicated that they have no relevant financial relationships to disclose for this activity.

Refund / Exchange Policy
NOTE: RSNA will not issue any refunds or exchanges for online only versions of educational products or activities purchased online. Please review the entire product or activity description prior to purchase.

Accreditation and Designation Statements:
The Radiological Society of North America (RSNA) is accredited by the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education (ACCME) to provide continuing medical education for physicians.

The RSNA designates this enduring material for a maximum of 1.75 AMA PRA Category 1 Credits™. Physicians should claim only the credit commensurate with the extent of their participation in the activity.

This activity meets the American Board of Radiology’s (ABR) Maintenance of Certification (MOC) Part 2 requirements for Self-Assessment CME (SA-CME).

To earn CME credit, participants must correctly answer a minimum of 80% of the test questions and complete the course evaluation.

RSNA Disclaimer
The opinions or views expressed in this activity are those of the presenters and do not necessarily reflect the opinions, recommendations or endorsement of the RSNA. Participants should critically appraise the information presented and are encouraged to consult appropriate resources for information surrounding any product or device mentioned. Information presented, as well as publications, technologies, products and/or services discussed, are intended to inform the learner about the knowledge, techniques, and experiences of RSNA faculty who are willing to share such information with colleagues. The RSNA disclaims any and all liability for damages to any individual user for all claims which may result from the use of said information, publications, technologies, products and/or services, and events.